In the books of Samuel-Kings, Ahaz, monarch of Judah, acknowledges his treaty with Tiglath-Pileser III, ruler of Assyria, by saying: “I am your servant and your son” (2 Kgs 16:7). The book of Amos indicts Tyre for betraying “the covenant of brotherhood” (Amos 1:9) or its covenant partners. The convention of using family titles outside the family was common throughout the ancient Near East (Meyers 1988:127–28; Wilson 1985:302). In Babylon, master craftsmen were called “fathers” and their apprentices